Insect venom allergy is an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity to proteins in the venom of stinging insects, including honey bees, yellow jackets, white-faced hornets, yellow hornets, and wasps. While most people experience a normal local reaction (pain, swelling, redness at the sting site), approximately 3% of adults develop a systemic allergic reaction, and the risk of a future life-threatening anaphylactic response is significant without treatment.
Common Signs & Symptoms
- Large local reaction (swelling extending beyond the sting site for more than 24 hours)
- Generalized hives, flushing, or itching away from the sting site
- Throat tightening, difficulty swallowing, or swelling of the lips or tongue
- Difficulty breathing or wheezing
- Dizziness, drop in blood pressure, or loss of consciousness
- Prior history of anaphylaxis requiring epinephrine
How We Diagnose
Venom allergy diagnosis includes a detailed history of sting reactions, venom skin testing (prick and intradermal testing with individual venom extracts), and serum-specific IgE testing to identify which insects are causing sensitization. Accurate identification of the culprit insect(s) is critical for formulating the correct venom immunotherapy extract.
Treatment Options
Venom immunotherapy (venom allergy shots) is highly effective, reducing the risk of future systemic reaction including anaphylaxis by 90–98% in properly treated patients. All patients with systemic venom allergy are prescribed injectable epinephrine and provided a written anaphylaxis action plan. Immunotherapy typically involves weekly injections during a build-up phase followed by monthly maintenance injections.
Ready to Schedule?
A bee sting does not have to put your life at risk. Schedule a venom allergy evaluation with South Bay Allergy and Asthma Group and take control of your safety. Call us at (408) 286-1707 or request an appointment online.